Tabla de retroceso por calibre
La tercera ley de Newton dice: con toda acción ocurre siempre una reacción igual y contraria. Esto hace que la acción producida para impulsar la bala genere una reacción igual y contraria conocida como retroceso.
Habremos escuchado entre nuestros amigos cazadores, diferentes percepciones del retroceso. Para algunos, un arma puede tener un retroceso fuerte, mientras que para otros, puede estar dentro de lo tolerable. Esto se debe a que la percepción del retroceso es una cuestión muy subjetiva, en la que influyen muchas variantes. Dos de las más importantes son: cómo se nos ajusta el arma y la forma de la culata. Una de las principales maneras de suavizar el retroceso es la colocación de una cantonera.
Buscando información en páginas americanas hemos encontrado una tabla sobre el retroceso, en la que se incluyen calibres muy habituales en España tanto para montería (30.06 o 300 Win. Mag.) como para rececho (243 Win. o 270 Win.). En la tabla se nos indica el calibre, los grains, la energía de retroceso y la velocidad de retroceso.
-Grains: es una unidad de medida de masa. 1 grains corresponde a 64.8 miligramos.
-Energía de retroceso: determina la dureza con la que nos llega el golpe.
-Velocidad de retroceso: determina la percepción del golpe en el hombre.
Los calibres en negrita son, por regla general, de los más conocidos en nuestro país. Los datos son orientativos ya que no se pueden extrapolar a armas y munición diferentes a los de la prueba.
Descargar tabla en pdf.
Calibre |
Velocidad de salida (m/s) |
Grains |
Peso del rifle (kg) |
Energía de retroceso (J) |
Velocidad retroceso (m/s)
|
.17 HMR |
13,4379 |
17 |
3,402 |
0,27116359 |
n/a |
.17 Rem. |
15,22962 |
25 |
3,8556 |
2,16930872 |
13,825728 |
.204 Ruger |
15,22962 |
33 |
3,8556 |
3,52512667 |
17,3809152 |
.218 Bee |
15,22962 |
45 |
3,8556 |
1,76256333 |
12,2456448 |
.22 LR |
7,16688 |
40 |
1,8144 |
0,27116359 |
n/a |
.22 WMR |
12,09411 |
40 |
3,0618 |
0,54232718 |
n/a |
.22 Hornet |
13,4379 |
45 |
3,402 |
1,76256333 |
13,0356864 |
.22 PPC |
15,22962 |
52 |
3,8556 |
4,06745384 |
18,9609984 |
.221 Fireball |
15,22962 |
50 |
3,8556 |
2,44047231 |
14,6157696 |
.222 Rem. |
13,4379 |
50 |
3,402 |
4,06745384 |
20,1460608 |
.223 Rem. |
15,22962 |
45 |
3,8556 |
3,52512667 |
17,775936 |
.223 Rem. |
14,33376 |
55 |
3,6288 |
4,33861743 |
20,1460608 |
.223 Rem. |
12,54204 |
62 |
3,1752 |
5,28769 |
23,701248 |
.22-250 Rem. |
15,22962 |
55 |
3,8556 |
6,37234436 |
23,701248 |
.22-250 Rem. |
22,3965 |
60 |
5,67 |
4,20303564 |
15,800832 |
.220 Swift |
18,81306 |
50 |
4,7628 |
5,01652641 |
18,9609984 |
.220 Swift |
15,22962 |
55 |
3,8556 |
7,18583513 |
25,2813312 |
.223 WSSM |
13,4379 |
55 |
3,402 |
8,67723487 |
29,2315392 |
6mm PPC |
13,4379 |
85 |
3,402 |
7,18583513 |
n/a |
.243 Win. |
15,22962 |
75 |
3,8556 |
9,76188923 |
29,2315392 |
.243 Win. |
12,98997 |
95 |
3,2886 |
14,9139974 |
39,1070592 |
.243 Win. |
13,4379 |
100 |
3,402 |
11,9311979 |
34,3668096 |
6mm Rem. |
14,33376 |
100 |
3,6288 |
13,5581795 |
35,551872 |
.243 WSSM |
13,4379 |
100 |
3,402 |
13,6937613 |
36,7369344 |
.240 Wby. Mag. |
14,33376 |
100 |
3,6288 |
24,2691413 |
n/a |
.25-20 Win. |
11,64618 |
86 |
2,9484 |
1,76256333 |
13,825728 |
.25-35 Win. |
11,64618 |
117 |
2,9484 |
9,49072564 |
32,7867264 |
.250 Savage |
13,4379 |
100 |
3,402 |
10,57538 |
32,3917056 |
.257 Roberts |
13,4379 |
100 |
3,402 |
12,6091069 |
35,1568512 |
.257 Roberts |
14,33376 |
120 |
3,6288 |
14,507252 |
36,7369344 |
.25 WSSM |
12,98997 |
120 |
3,2886 |
18,7102877 |
43,8473088 |
.25-06 Rem. |
14,33376 |
100 |
3,6288 |
14,9139974 |
37,1319552 |
.25-06 Rem. |
14,33376 |
120 |
3,6288 |
16,9477244 |
39,50208 |
.257 Wby. Mag. |
16,57341 |
100 |
4,1958 |
21,4219236 |
41,477184 |
.257 Wby. Mag. |
16,57341 |
115 |
4,1958 |
23,9979777 |
43,8473088 |
.257 Wby. Mag. |
16,57341 |
120 |
4,1958 |
20,472851 |
40,6871424 |
6.5mm Grendel |
13,4379 |
120 |
3,402 |
12,0667797 |
34,7618304 |
6.5×55 Swede |
14,33376 |
129 |
3,6288 |
16,9477244 |
39,50208 |
6.5×55 Swede |
16,12548 |
140 |
4,0824 |
14,3716703 |
34,3668096 |
.260 Rem. |
13,4379 |
120 |
3,402 |
17,6256333 |
41,8722048 |
.260 Rem. |
14,78169 |
140 |
3,7422 |
16,1342336 |
38,3170176 |
6.5mm-284 Norma |
14,33376 |
140 |
3,6288 |
19,9305238 |
43,0572672 |
6.5mm Rem. Mag. |
14,33376 |
120 |
3,6288 |
17,7612151 |
40,6871424 |
6.5mm Rem. Mag. |
15,22962 |
140 |
3,8556 |
18,8458695 |
40,6871424 |
6.5×68 S |
15,22962 |
140 |
3,8556 |
22,7777415 |
44,6373504 |
.264 Win. Mag. |
15,22962 |
140 |
3,8556 |
26,0317046 |
47,7975168 |
6.8mm Rem. SPC |
13,4379 |
115 |
3,402 |
10,8465436 |
32,7867264 |
.270 Win. |
14,33376 |
130 |
3,6288 |
22,3709961 |
n/a |
.270 Win. |
14,33376 |
140 |
3,6288 |
23,1844869 |
46,2174336 |
.270 Win. |
14,33376 |
150 |
3,6288 |
23,0489051 |
46,2174336 |
.270 WSM |
14,33376 |
130 |
3,6288 |
25,3537956 |
48,5875584 |
.270 WSM |
14,33376 |
150 |
3,6288 |
25,6249592 |
48,5875584 |
.270 Wby. |
16,12548 |
130 |
4,0824 |
28,4721769 |
48,5875584 |
.270 Wby. Mag. |
16,57341 |
150 |
4,1958 |
24,1335595 |
43,8473088 |
7-30 Waters |
12,54204 |
120 |
3,1752 |
13,5581795 |
37,9219968 |
7×57 Mauser |
15,67755 |
139 |
3,969 |
15,86307 |
36,7369344 |
7×57 Mauser |
15,22962 |
145 |
3,8556 |
17,6256333 |
39,1070592 |
7×57 Mauser |
14,33376 |
160 |
3,6288 |
19,3881967 |
n/a |
7×57 Mauser |
14,33376 |
175 |
3,6288 |
21,0151782 |
44,2423296 |
7mm-08 Rem. |
13,4379 |
120 |
3,402 |
16,4053972 |
40,2921216 |
7mm-08 Rem. |
14,33376 |
140 |
3,6288 |
17,0833061 |
39,8971008 |
.284 Win |
13,4379 |
150 |
3,402 |
23,5912323 |
n/a |
7×64 |
14,33376 |
154 |
3,6288 |
24,2691413 |
n/a |
.280 Rem. |
14,33376 |
140 |
3,6288 |
23,3200687 |
46,6124544 |
.280 Rem. |
14,33376 |
150 |
3,6288 |
23,5912323 |
46,6124544 |
.280 Rem. |
14,33376 |
160 |
3,6288 |
23,0489051 |
46,2174336 |
7mm Rem. SAUM |
14,33376 |
160 |
3,6288 |
29,1500859 |
52,1427456 |
7mm WSM |
14,33376 |
160 |
3,6288 |
28,0654315 |
50,9576832 |
7mm WSM |
14,33376 |
140 |
3,6288 |
29,6924131 |
52,5377664 |
7mm Rem. Mag. |
16,12548 |
160 |
4,0824 |
26,1672864 |
46,6124544 |
7mm Rem. Mag. |
15,22962 |
150 |
3,8556 |
26,0317046 |
47,7975168 |
7mm Rem. Mag. |
16,12548 |
160 |
4,0824 |
27,5231044 |
47,402496 |
7mm Rem. Mag. |
16,12548 |
175 |
4,0824 |
29,4212495 |
49,3776 |
7mm Wby. Mag. |
16,57341 |
140 |
4,1958 |
26,43845 |
46,2174336 |
7mm Wby. Mag. |
16,12548 |
160 |
4,0824 |
34,7089395 |
53,327808 |
7mm STW |
15,22962 |
160 |
3,8556 |
37,8273208 |
57,6730368 |
7mm Ultra Mag. |
15,22962 |
140 |
3,8556 |
34,3021941 |
n/a |
7mm Ultra Mag. |
15,22962 |
160 |
3,8556 |
39,8610477 |
n/a |
.30 Carbine |
12,54204 |
110 |
3,1752 |
4,74536282 |
22,5161856 |
.30-30 Win. |
13,4379 |
150 |
3,402 |
14,3716703 |
37,526976 |
.30-30 Win. |
13,4379 |
160 |
3,402 |
17,2188879 |
41,477184 |
.30-30 Win. |
13,4379 |
170 |
3,402 |
14,9139974 |
38,3170176 |
.30-40 Krag |
14,33376 |
180 |
3,6288 |
22,5065779 |
n/a |
.300 Sav. |
13,4379 |
150 |
3,402 |
20,0661056 |
n/a |
.307 Win. |
13,4379 |
150 |
3,402 |
18,5747059 |
43,0572672 |
.308 Marlin Express |
14,33376 |
160 |
3,6288 |
18,1679605 |
41,0821632 |
.308 Win. |
13,4379 |
150 |
3,402 |
21,4219236 |
46,2174336 |
.308 Win. |
13,4379 |
165 |
3,402 |
24,5403049 |
49,3776 |
.308 Win. |
14,33376 |
180 |
3,6288 |
23,7268141 |
47,0074752 |
.30-06 Spfd. |
14,33376 |
150 |
3,6288 |
23,8623959 |
47,0074752 |
.30-06 Spfd. |
14,33376 |
165 |
3,6288 |
27,2519408 |
50,1676416 |
.30-06 Spfd. |
14,33376 |
180 |
3,6288 |
27,5231044 |
50,5626624 |
.300 Rem. SAUM |
14,78169 |
180 |
3,7422 |
31,8617218 |
53,7228288 |
.300 WSM |
14,78169 |
150 |
3,7422 |
30,5059038 |
52,5377664 |
.300 WSM |
12,98997 |
180 |
3,2886 |
36,7426664 |
61,228224 |
.300 WSM |
14,78169 |
180 |
3,7422 |
32,2684672 |
53,7228288 |
.300 Win. Mag. |
15,22962 |
150 |
3,8556 |
31,8617218 |
52,5377664 |
.300 Win. Mag. |
14,33376 |
165 |
3,6288 |
35,5224302 |
57,278016 |
.300 Win. Mag. |
15,22962 |
180 |
3,8556 |
35,1156849 |
55,302912 |
.300 Wby. Mag. |
16,57341 |
150 |
4,1958 |
33,3531215 |
51,7477248 |
.300 Wby. Mag. |
16,12548 |
180 |
4,0824 |
42,8438472 |
59,25312 |
.300 Ultra Mag. |
15,22962 |
180 |
3,8556 |
44,4708287 |
62,4132864 |
.30-378 Wby. Mag. |
17,46927 |
180 |
4,4226 |
57,7578446 |
66,3634944 |
7.62×39 Soviet |
12,54204 |
125 |
3,1752 |
9,35514384 |
31,601664 |
7.62x54R Russian |
16,12548 |
150 |
4,0824 |
17,7612151 |
38,3170176 |
7.62x54R Russian |
16,12548 |
174 |
4,0824 |
20,3372692 |
41,0821632 |
7.65×53 Mauser |
14,33376 |
180 |
3,6288 |
20,8795964 |
n/a |
.303 British |
13,4379 |
150 |
3,402 |
19,2526149 |
43,452288 |
.303 British |
14,33376 |
180 |
3,6288 |
20,8795964 |
43,8473088 |
7.7×58 Jap |
16,12548 |
150 |
4,0824 |
16,1342336 |
36,3419136 |
.32-20 Win. |
11,64618 |
100 |
2,9484 |
4,47419923 |
n/a |
.32 Spec. |
12,54204 |
170 |
3,1752 |
16,540979 |
41,8722048 |
8x57JS Mauser |
14,33376 |
150 |
3,6288 |
23,1844869 |
46,2174336 |
8×57 Mauser |
14,33376 |
170 |
3,6288 |
18,4391241 |
41,0821632 |
8x57JS Mauser |
14,33376 |
195 |
3,6288 |
25,082632 |
48,1925376 |
.325 WSM |
13,4379 |
180 |
3,402 |
44,8775741 |
66,7585152 |
.325 WSM |
13,4379 |
220 |
3,402 |
50,8431731 |
70,7087232 |
8x68S |
15,22962 |
150 |
3,8556 |
34,3021941 |
54,9078912 |
8x68S |
16,12548 |
200 |
4,0824 |
39,4543023 |
56,8829952 |
8mm Rem. Mag. |
15,22962 |
200 |
3,8556 |
44,6064105 |
62,4132864 |
.338-57 O’Connor |
14,33376 |
200 |
3,6288 |
26,0317046 |
48,9825792 |
.338 Marlin Express |
14,33376 |
200 |
3,6288 |
21,9642508 |
45,0323712 |
.338 Marlin Express |
14,33376 |
200 |
3,6288 |
29,8279949 |
55,302912 |
.338 Federal |
12,54204 |
200 |
3,1752 |
30,0991585 |
56,4879744 |
.338 Federal |
14,33376 |
210 |
3,6288 |
29,6924131 |
52,5377664 |
.338-06 A-Square |
14,33376 |
200 |
3,6288 |
32,404049 |
54,9078912 |
.338-06 A-Square |
15,22962 |
250 |
3,8556 |
38,2340661 |
57,6730368 |
.338 Win. Mag. |
15,22962 |
200 |
3,8556 |
44,4708287 |
62,4132864 |
.338 Win. Mag. |
15,22962 |
225 |
3,8556 |
47,7247918 |
64,3883904 |
.338 Win. Mag. |
16,12548 |
250 |
4,0824 |
44,8775741 |
60,8332032 |
.338 Ultra Mag |
15,22962 |
250 |
3,8556 |
58,4357536 |
n/a |
.338 Lapua Mag. |
17,02134 |
225 |
4,3092 |
50,4364277 |
62,8083072 |
.338-378 Wby. Mag. |
21,05271 |
250 |
5,3298 |
55,7241177 |
59,25312 |
.340 Wby. Mag. |
17,9172 |
200 |
4,536 |
40,1322113 |
54,5128704 |
.340 Wby. Mag. |
16,12548 |
250 |
4,0824 |
58,842499 |
69,5236608 |
.348 Win. |
14,33376 |
200 |
3,6288 |
32,1328854 |
n/a |
.357 Mag. |
12,54204 |
158 |
3,1752 |
6,37234436 |
26,0713728 |
.35 Rem. |
13,4379 |
200 |
3,402 |
18,3035423 |
42,6622464 |
.356 Win. |
13,4379 |
200 |
3,402 |
23,7268141 |
n/a |
.358 Win. |
14,33376 |
200 |
3,6288 |
28,3365951 |
51,352704 |
.358 Win. |
13,7245752 |
250 |
3,474576 |
31,1838128 |
54,9078912 |
.35 Whelen |
14,33376 |
200 |
3,6288 |
30,6414856 |
53,327808 |
.35 Whelen |
14,33376 |
225 |
3,6288 |
33,8954487 |
56,0929536 |
.35 Whelen |
13,4379 |
250 |
3,402 |
37,8273208 |
61,228224 |
.350 Rem. Mag. |
15,22962 |
200 |
3,8556 |
30,2347402 |
51,352704 |
.350 Rem. Mag. |
15,22962 |
225 |
3,8556 |
32,8107943 |
53,327808 |
.350 Rem. Mag. |
15,22962 |
250 |
3,8556 |
39,3187205 |
58,4630784 |
9.3×62 |
15,22962 |
270 |
3,8556 |
45,1487377 |
n/a |
9.3×62 |
16,12548 |
286 |
4,0824 |
37,9629026 |
55,6979328 |
9.3x74R |
14,78169 |
286 |
3,7422 |
46,5045556 |
65,5734528 |
.370 Sako Mag. |
15,22962 |
286 |
3,8556 |
47,7247918 |
64,3883904 |
.375 Win. |
13,4379 |
220 |
3,402 |
23,1844869 |
47,7975168 |
.375 Ruger |
16,12548 |
270 |
4,0824 |
55,9952813 |
67,9435776 |
.375 H&H Mag. |
16,12548 |
235 |
4,0824 |
39,9966295 |
57,278016 |
.375 H&H Mag. |
16,12548 |
270 |
4,0824 |
48,9450279 |
63,5983488 |
.375 H&H Mag. |
16,12548 |
300 |
4,0824 |
50,5720095 |
64,3883904 |
.375 Ultra Mag |
15,67755 |
300 |
3,969 |
72,1295149 |
n/a |
.376 Steyr |
14,33376 |
270 |
3,6288 |
52,8769 |
n/a |
.378 Wby. Mag. |
18,36513 |
300 |
4,6494 |
96,3986561 |
n/a |
.38-40 Win. |
13,4379 |
180 |
3,402 |
4,20303564 |
20,5410816 |
.38-55 Win. |
13,4379 |
220 |
3,402 |
13,6937613 |
36,7369344 |
.38-55 Win. |
12,54204 |
255 |
3,1752 |
12,8802705 |
n/a |
.404 Jeffery |
18,36513 |
400 |
4,6494 |
55,5885359 |
63,5983488 |
.405 Win. |
14,33376 |
300 |
3,6288 |
41,4880292 |
62,0182656 |
.416 Rem. Mag. |
17,9172 |
400 |
4,536 |
71,7227695 |
73,078848 |
.416 Rigby |
17,9172 |
400 |
4,536 |
78,7730228 |
76,2390144 |
.416 Wby. Mag. |
18,36513 |
400 |
4,6494 |
112,53289 |
90,0647424 |
.44-40 Win. |
12,54204 |
200 |
3,1752 |
4,60978102 |
n/a |
.44 Rem. Mag. |
13,4379 |
240 |
3,402 |
15,185161 |
38,7120384 |
.44 Rem. Mag. |
13,4379 |
275 |
3,402 |
15,4563246 |
39,1070592 |
.444 Marlin |
13,4379 |
240 |
3,402 |
31,5905582 |
56,0929536 |
.444 Marlin |
15,22962 |
265 |
3,8556 |
29,9635767 |
50,9576832 |
.45 Colt |
14,33376 |
255 |
3,6288 |
5,42327179 |
22,1211648 |
.45 Colt +P |
11,64618 |
250 |
2,9484 |
15,0495792 |
41,477184 |
.45-70 |
12,54204 |
300 |
3,1752 |
32,404049 |
58,4630784 |
.45-70 |
12,54204 |
350 |
3,1752 |
51,3855002 |
73,8688896 |
.45-70 |
13,4379 |
405 |
3,402 |
25,3537956 |
50,1676416 |
.450 Marlin |
12,54204 |
350 |
3,1752 |
50,4364277 |
73,078848 |
.450 Marlin |
15,22962 |
350 |
3,8556 |
45,5554831 |
63,203328 |
.458 Win. Mag. |
16,12548 |
400 |
4,0824 |
56,5376084 |
68,3385984 |
.458 Win. Mag. |
16,12548 |
500 |
4,0824 |
84,4674582 |
83,3493888 |
.458 Lott |
17,9172 |
500 |
4,536 |
95,4495836 |
84,1394304 |
.460 Wby. Mag. |
20,15685 |
500 |
5,103 |
135,039468 |
n/a |
.470 N.E. |
19,70892 |
500 |
4,9896 |
93,9581838 |
79,3991808 |
.480 Ruger |
11,19825 |
325 |
2,835 |
22,2354144 |
51,352704 |
.500 N.E. |
21,50064 |
570 |
5,4432 |
101,008437 |
n/a |
.50 BMG |
53,7516 |
647 |
13,608 |
94,9072564 |
48,5875584 |
Fuente: chuckhawks.com
6 comentarios. ¿Quieres agregar algo?:
20/20
MUY INTERESANTE Y EJEMPLEFICADOR E INSTRUCTIVO
Muchas gracias por los datos muy útiles.
PlayStation’s Answer to Xbox Game Pass + Deadpool 3 Writers – IGN News Live
YAKIN GELECEKTE ALTIN – Г–ner DГ–ЕћER
¿seguro que las unidades están bien?